University of Washington Admissions

The gainsay family situation I would like to share with you is our move from Korea to the linked States. In 1989, my invigoration was changed when my family immigrated to a bracing country, hoping for a better future. My life in Korea was hopeless, because I was a failing student with non much concern in teach. I spent the majority of my time in Arcades, waste my coins on video games. Rather than studying with my friends, as I had told my parents I would, I obsessed over the games. The only positive aspect to my life was my private information processing system programming lessons.Programming in apple staple fibre presented me with an opportunity to create my own world. One day, my parents told me that we were going to move to the United States of America, and I developed a strong feeling that my life briefly would change forever. After spending eleven years in Korea, our family go a totally different environment. This I knew would be my toughest challenge to date. As a fifth grader attending a new elementary school in a new country, I felt left erupt because of my inability to communicate. Some kids assumed that I did not understand them at all, so they make rude remarks about me.I understood them, perhaps not completely, but I knew the intent of their messages. All that I had was my Apple II computer at which I just sat and programmed when I came home from school. At home, my parents pressured me to study all of the time, but I was queer and wanted to return to Korea. I wanted to go back and clack freely with my friends and play games with them. My parents often told me that they decided to move here because of the educational opportunities, yet I continued to rebel and refused to listen to what they said.Over time, my slope improved. I moved on to regular sixth grade classes around of which were challenging, but tolerable because of my teachers whom were willing to help. I always enjoyed class trips to the computer lab, where I would start programming on the computer. Other kids would start to assemblage around and treat me like a genius. Before long, I made more friends and found that I was enjoying school. Thoughts of going back to Korea faded, and my grades rose to a satisfactory level.This pleased my parents who now encouraged me to invite friends to dinner. When my friends came over, I became the adapter between my parents and my friends. Since then, I often translate for my parents in any origin where translation is needed. Talking to some adults was intimidating and sometimes embarrassing, but I felt mature and responsible. The rest of my school year went by very smoothly, and my self-confidence grew. Now I help other Korean multitude with language difficulties, helping them to understand English and Ameri idler customs.Prior to my comer to the United States, I thought everything would be nice and easy, but it did not turn out that way. Life was difficult, since I had to learn a new language, culture, and customs. One of the best things I learned was that my parents were right. This experience helped change me from a hopeless kid to a confident and responsible young adult. From this experience, I have learned that if one sets goals, works hard towards those goals, dedicates oneself to those goals, and takes advantage of opportunities presented, they can achieve anything.

Journal 1 – The Metamorphosis

The opening paragraph of this short story begins with the introduction of Gregor Samsa as a fresh transformed insect. The narrators intent in regards to this brusque stating of Gregors new sensual shape, is perhaps to convey Gregors own surprised and confused feelingings into the readers mind. The narrator jut outms to evaluate what the reader is thinlyking, as he immediately states that Gregor is transformed, and what shape he straight possesses. The narrator pushes his exposition to unfolding the exact contours of Gregors body.He takes the perspective of Gregor, facial expression down on his own body, perhaps to heighten the vividness and rude psychological shock of the first vision of his numerous legs, which were pitifully thin compared to the rest of his bulk, waved helplessly before his eyes. The reader is thus enabled, through this first-person point-of-view, to render that precise image, which inherently helps the reader better understand the effect of the innovat ion through Gregors perspective. The paragraph detailing Gregors metamorphosis is followed by a description of his mode and of his non-bug life.The reader notices that where the first paragraph was leaning towards structure and a coherent and precise description of Gregor, this paragraph seems to consist of more haphazard thoughts than anything else. Its as if Gregors mind is wandering about his room, trying to rebuild his gentlemans gentleman character, whereas the previous paragraph had completely shattered his notion of humanity. We can see in the following quote just how determined Gregor is to re-ascertain his humanity, What has happened to me? he thought. It was no dream.His room, a regular human bedroom, only rather too small, gravel quiet between the four familiar walls. Firstly, the fact that Gregor states very but that he lived in a good, human bedroom seems odd, as he feels the need to qualify the normalness of his place of residence through its human appeal, inste ad of, secern its roomy or comfortable appeal. Furthermore, the description of his room continues in its peculiarity, as Gregor feels compelled to further change integrity the mundane-ness of his room through its four familiar walls.It seems that Gregor feels further compelled to make his room normal by depicting it as being of usual dimensions, thereof the four walls, which are familiar a contrast perhaps to his newly acquired uncomfortable feeling of not belonging, of being odd hence the insect-like shape. The plain xenophobic attributes of his new character seriously conflict with the person he used to make himself be. As he states, Above the table on which a collection of cloth samples was unpacked and spread out Samsa was a mercenary message traveler ( The position he held, and assumedly still has, of being a commercial traveler would lead adept to hope that Gregor was not antisocial in any way, in fact the reader could assume that Gregor worked as a traveller becau se of his affinity with people. barely the manner in which he like a shot describes his room perhaps suggests that a deeper transformation had occurred, one that affected his dominance and his personality. Lead by hermit-like comments such as the four familiar walls, one can see that Gregor may now find sanctuary in the closeness of these walls, rather than seeking the public world of a traveller.This response is rather evident, as one could assume that any person would feel demoralized after being transformed into a huge bug. Yet where some people may be affected only carnally, this transformation seems to have affected Gregors psyche as well. Lastly, the end-description of the lady, sitting upright and attribute out to the spectator a huge fur muff into which the substantial of her forearm had vanished seems odd, as Gregors reaction to the huge fur muff someways seems detached, like it was the first time he had seen it done.Ironically, Gregor tells the reader that he had deep framed the picture and had placed it above his desk, which would lead one to believe that he had looked at the picture before hanging it. Moreover, his reaction to the fade forearm may be related to the fact that he no longer has any, which would therefore explain his shocked reaction the fact that a human is being portrayed in some light other than a normal one is both terrifying and appalling to Gregor, a notion that is explained again through his reaction to the picture, and perhaps thus to his physical state.

Psy 240 – Lesson 2 Essay

Identify the teratogens c everyplaceed in this chapter and feature defects/disorders they foot seduce. Format your response as though you were giving a legal brief prevention lecture to young married couples. Your answer should be no a few(prenominal)er than 400 words in length. We argon all sure of transmittable and hereditary itemors that may impact the wellness of the newborn frustrate. However, our exp peerlessnt to prevent genetic disorders is limited to genetic testing of p bents and antenatal diagnostic methods that send packing reveal primal warning signs of genetic defects originally hold.An separate class of factors that eject greatly influence the health and the development of a despoil atomic number 18 environmental agents. These agents are usually referred to as teratogens and allow whatever environmental agent that suffer ca spend injury during the antepartum period. remote genetic factors, the detrimental cause of the teratogens during the prenatal period and after birth are al virtually completely preventible by the parents. Most common teratogens that can impact motherliness and baby development are prescription medicine and non-prescription medicines, illegal drugs, alcoholic drinkic drink, tobacco plant, infectious disease, radiation and environmental pollutants. umpteen prescription and non-prescription drugs exert side-effects that may be harmful during the prenatal period. Even when these side-effects are not noticeable or are not affecting the mother they may be busybodied with the normal prenatal development of the baby during early and later stages of the pregnancy. For this resolve all newly-expecting women or those planning to become pregnant submit to look up with a doctor about some(prenominal) prescription drugs they may demand been taking and certainly ahead starting therapy with any new medications. legion(predicate) population consider non-prescription or over-the-counter drugs to be safe because no physicians prescription is required for their purchase. This is a common and a great deal a risky mistake. Many over-the-counter drugs and products are not classified as drugs but or else as nutritional supplements and as such dont require FDA licensing and control. In commonplace these products can be dangerous to health since their contents and action mechanism have not be adequately or scientifically tested. Their expending by pregnant or planning -to-become pregnant women can be particularly dangerous.New mothers read to consult a medical professional forward using any over-the-counter products including vitamin and mineral supplements. Another category of common products that often get overlooked but can be dangerous to prenatal development and infant health are cosmetics. Many cosmetic products pack chemicals that can be harmful to the mother and the baby. For instance, more anti-acne products and blemish-removal products contain retinol and re tinoic acid which can affect the baby during the offset trimester.The retinol based over-the-counter products, such as Retine-A cream, are similar to the prescription drug Accutane which is prohibited for use by pregnant women as it causes damage to babys eyes, brain, immune system, ears and skull. Other commonly employ beauty products can be dangerous as swell up. Some examples are lipsticks that may contain whizz, lotions and creams containing paraben, pig colors, tanning products and umpteen more. The best prevention is to avoid use of pharmaceuticals, supplements and cosmetics before and during pregnancy without consulting a doctor first.The use of illegal drugs prior to and during pregnancy and while look feeding is extremely damaging to the baby. Commonly used avenue drugs such as cocaine, heroin, marijuana, methamphetamines and their derivatives cause a multitude of prenatal development abnormalities and can cause a lasting damage to the childs corporal and mental he alth. Some of these abnormalities include low birth weight, respiratory and cardiac difficulties, vision and hearing problems, metabolic abnormalities, premature birth and can cause death during or shortly after birth.Damage to the offensive system is particularly evident among illicit-drugs affected newborns and they are usually irritable, exhibit neurotic rank and often have lasting cognitive and social development difficulties and behavioral problems. The use of cocaine, heroin, methamphetamines and other so called heavy drugs, pre- and, during pregnancy and while breast feeding is especially dangerous as it causes the drug addiction of the newborn.The maternal use of marijuana causes a multitude of bodily and psychological problems to the newborn including low birth weight, brain development abnormalities, depression and tuition difficulties. though it can not be linked to the inherited drug-addiction of the newborn, the use of street drugs by a father has been linked to a multitude of genetic diseases transferred to the off-spring. Though the exact modalities have not yet been determined for each drug, it is certain that use of drugs by a father causes mutations of the enate desoxyribonucleic acid and therefore impacts the genotype of the baby.Persons with drug addiction problems planning to start a family should consult a medical professional well ahead of worthy pregnant to plan a course of action to cease the drug abuse and limit its damaging effects on the baby as well as parents. Already pregnant women with drug abuse problems need to contact the doctor as soon as realistic to tax the risk and plan the best course of action needed. Alcohol habit is one of the most damaging factors to a goodly pregnancy and birth. Mistakenly, most people consider social drinking, a consumption of one to two drinks daily or few time per week, to not be damaging to health.Though some evidence exists that a low or admit consumption of alcohol can be benefic ial to cardiovascular health, it is well realized that even small substances of alcohol during pregnancy can be detrimental to the prenatal development of the child. Alcohol causes a variety of prenatal development abnormalities jointly referred to as fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS). The FAS manifests itself in recognisable cranio-facial morphological deformities such as widely spaced eyes, a issue upper lip, small upward pointing nose, short eye-lid openings and a small head.The boilersuit growth of the child is slowed. Furthermore, FAS causes a multitude of mental abnormalities such as attention, memory and language deficits, hyperactivity and abnormal motor skills and coordination. It has been established that these abnormalities result from the damaging effects of alcohol on neuron development in the early phases of pregnancy. Due to the overexpendature of oxygen by mothers body during alcohol metabolism, the fetus is often oxygen deprived which further contributes to developmen t of the above mentioned health problems.Though the amount of alcohol consumed during pregnancy determines the extent of the damage caused, even small amounts of alcohol consumed can cause some of the symptoms listed. This milder form of FAS is referred to as fetal alcohol effects (FAE) and is evenly bear oning. Similarly to illegal drugs use, a link had been established between consumption of alcohol by a father and the mutations it causes to the paternal DNA which leads to multiple genetic defects of the offspring. All couples planning to bear children should parry all alcohol consumption well ahead of the time of pregnancy.Those with alcohol dependency should seek professional help in quitting drinking as alcoholism is a disease and requires a complex approach to physical and psychological issues that are causing it. The damaging effects of smoking on homosexual health are well haven but wide number of child-bearing aged women still use tobacco regularly. The use of tobacco before, during and after the pregnancy has been linked to a multitude of infant health problems during the prenatal period and childhood. The tobacco using women are at a high risk of spontaneous abortion during pregnancy.It is a well known fact that nicotine, which is a vasoconstrictor, prevents an adequate blood flow to the uterus and causes defects to the placenta. In turn, the mass meeting of the nutrients between a mother and the baby is disturbed resulting in fetal malnutrition and low birth weight. As we know, low birth weight is a main predictor of the physical and mental developmental difficulties of the child. Nicotine affected babies are often born prematurely and exhibit cardiac and respiratory problems such as arrhythmia, asthma, sleep apnea, and are at a higher risk of developing cancer during childhood.The rate of infant death is also higher among this population of newborns. Even if physical health problems are not obvious, numerous nicotine-exposed babies displa y a certain degree of behavioral problems during their development. These can run from diminished sensory response, such as that to a sound, through with(predicate) over stimulation by touch and vision to a multitude of learning impairments. The best prevention to the nicotine-exposure health related issues is quitting smoking well before neat pregnant.Even quitting smoking during pregnancy will greatly reduce the health risks to the baby. Joint quitting of smoking by both parents is usually the most prospered approach as partners are able to support each other during this difficult endeavor. Exposure to the bite hand smoke during pregnancy is equally as damaging to both mother and the baby. Again, quitting smoking and avoiding exposure to the second hand smoke will not only protect the child but also improve the health of the parents in the long run.All sexually active persons need to regularly undergo testing for sexually genetic diseases (STDs). Prevention of, and regular t esting for, STDs shows not only a guardianship about personal health but also a prudent approach to protecting the health of the partner and especially the health of the children the kind may result in. Many STDs and infectious diseases are easily transferred during designing and from the mother to the embryo during this critical period of prenatal development. Many of these infections can cause serious and long-term defects to the fetus as well.Common birth defects caused by infection transmission during pregnancy include mental retardation, cardiac, respiratory and digestive system problems, vision and hearing damage and multitude of other conditions. iodine of the most dangerous STDs transferred from an infected mother to a baby is human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) which causes AIDS. The HIV-infected babies develop symptoms of AIDS much faster than adults. The disease advancement can be as rapid as a few months after birth with most ill babies dying within first 5-8 months after birth.Women aware of their HIV positive status should consult with the specializer if planning on becoming pregnant to asses risk and discuss possible prophylactic methods that can be employed to prevent transmission. Couples and individuals planning on pregnancy should test for infectious diseases before conception and address any concerns they may have with a health care professional. In the shift of HIV, many newly-developed anti-retro viral therapies can prevent the risk of transmission onto baby by as much as 95%.Other infectious diseases that should be of concern when planning pregnancy or when pregnant are herpes, hepatitis, rubella, toxoplasmosis, syphilis, and so on Exhaustive testing for infectious diseases by both parents performed by a specialist is the best prevention of pregnancy complications and transmission to the newborn. Another teratogen that is of concern when evaluating the prenatal health is radiation. Though not as commonly encountered as other tera togens, radiation can be as devastating to the prenatal and postnatal development of the child.Exposure to radiation during pregnancy often leads to a miscarriage or birth defects such as physical deformities, central nervous system abnormalities, slow growth as well as a multitude of learning and emotional problems. Pregnant women and those planning on becoming pregnant should avoid exposure to radiation such as occupational exposure, for example radiology technicians, or medical exposure such as during exams with x-rays and other radioactive agents. Men should avoid exposure to radiation as well, as radioactive agents can cause mutations of the paternal DNA which can lead to birth defects of the offspring.Any concerns about possible radiation exposure need to be addressed with a medical professional as many methods are available to prevent and limit the damaging effects of radiation. environmental pollution is probably a teratogen that is the hardest to avoid or prevent. As we kno w our ecosystem, be it the air, the land or the water, is heavily polluted with many agents and has lead to an increase of cancers, respiratory, neurological, hereditary and many other diseases in human population. Unfortunately, environmental pollutants affect humans from our early eld of prenatal development.One of the main ways babies get exposed to this teratogen is through the nutrient exchange during the prenatal development. The pollutants transferred through these means include mercury and other heavy metals found in contaminated food and water. The exposure to heavy metals during the prenatal development has been implicate with causing a multitude of abnormalities of the nervous system and psychological disorders. Many toxins commonly found in the products for everyday use cause many metabolic, immunity and respiratory disorders that have a long lasting effects on the health of the newborn.Environmental pollution is directly linked with childhood cancers as well as hered itary predisposition for cancer development. Some of the measures that can be taken during pregnancy to minimize the damaging effects of this teratogen include limiting the consumption of large predatory fish, such as pink-orange and tuna, which are often high in their mercury content, avoiding antibiotics and steroids contaminated meats as well as pesticide treated fruits and vegetables.Staying indoors and using air-filtration systems during high air-pollution days can prevent exposure to carbon monoxide and combustion byproduct gases. The use of industrial and chemical cleaning agents and chemicals should be avoided or limited to a minimum. As we can see there are many teratogens we are exposed to daily and though they damage our health it is especially frighten to think of the effects they have on the health of our unborn babies.Though these concerns are valid they should not stand in the way of enjoying the pregnancy, child birth and child rearing as the most pleasant and enric hing experience of the lifetime. As we have learned most of the damaging effects of teratogens can be avoided and prevented through education, being aware of the risk factors and being proactive in taking steps to avoid the exposure and damage by practicing healthy living habits and seeking help when needed.

East-Midland English

A project in theoretical phonetics of side Shcherbakova Natalia, classify 01 Contents 1. Introduction 2. incline in einsteinium Midlands 1. Vowels 2. Consonants 3. Word c memorializeing 4. Sentence rhythm and intonation 3. Conclusion 4. List of references Introduction easterly Midlands, general facts The tocopherol Midlands, in its b passagewayest sense, is the eastern part of central England (and thus part of the United Kingdom as well).The east Midlands covers three study landscape atomic number 18as The relatively flat coastal plain of Lincolnshire, the river valley of the Trent, the thirdly largest (and longest) river in England, and the southern end of the Pennine range of hills in Derbyshire. The second of these contains several(prenominal) large cities Nottingham, Leicester, Derby and Doncaster, historically centres based around coal mine and heavy industry. This is one of the drier fields of England. ?The due east-Midland style is very interesting. The northern move of its emphasis ara were as well as an area of heavy S kindledinavian settlement, so that northern East-Midland Middle side of meat shows the identical kinds of rapid development as its Federal neighbor. But the sub vernacular boundaries within East-Midland were far from static the much north variety spread steadily southward, extending the influence of Scandinavianized English long by and by on the Scandinavian population had been totally assimilated.In the 13th century this part of England, in particular Norfolk and Suffolk, began to outstrip the rest of the orbit in prosperity and population because of the duty of its agriculture, and crucially increasing numbers of well-to-do speakers of East-Midland began to move to capital of the United Kingdom, bringing their idiom with them. ? By the second half of the 14th century the dialect of capital of the United Kingdom and the area immediately to the northeast, which had once been Kentish, was thoroughly East-Mi dland, and a rather Scandinavianized East Midland at that.Since the London dialect steadily gained in prestigiousness from that period on and began to develop into a literary standard, the northern, Scandinavianized variety of East-Midland became the alkali of standard Modern English. For that reason, East-Midland is by far the most important dialect of Middle English for the subsequent development of the language. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? The English written and talk today owes its origins to a mix of the East Midlands and London dialects. The East Midlands dialect was important because it came from the centre of the country and was intelligible to most mint.Great numbers of traders, pilgrims and others passed through towns such as Leicester and Nottingham. During the 13th and 14th centuries, large numbers of East Midlanders migrated to London, in turn influencing the standard form of English The East Midlands dialect was a mixture of English and Scandinavian, with a smattering of French . The impact of the Vikings can still be seen today in our version of English that was innate(p) on the borders of Mercia and Danelaw. As Dr Elaine Treharne from Leicester University points out, It is fair to say that the Queens English has its roots in the towns of the Midlands as much as the palaces of Whitehall 1) Fading of old traditions and huge shiftsin how we. reveal globally. Much of the dialect developed in rural communities and in the industrial heartlands of the region. Mining communities in Derbyshire, Nottinghamshire and Leicestershire were renowned for their use of dialect. At a time when regions are losing some of their traditional dialect, the East Midlands is keen to retain its cultural identity and linguistic style. Although some actors line are dying out, East Midlanders are keen to celebrate their local language 2) 3) ? ? Examples of pronunciation ? ? ? ? In Leicester, words with short vowels such as up and detain make up a northern pronunciation, whereas wo rds with vowels such as down and road intelligent rather more analogous a south-eastern evince. The vowel sound at the end of words like border (and the name of the city) is in addition a typical feature. In north Nottinghamshire ee found in short words is enounce as two syllables, for example feet universe , sounding like fee-yut (and also in this case ending with a glottal stop). Lincolnshire also has a marked north south disunited in terms of accent.The north shares many features with Yorkshire, such as the outdoors a sound in car and park or the surrogate of take and make with tek and mek. The south of Lincolnshire is close to Received Pronunciation, although it still has a short Northern a in words such as bath. In Northamptonshire, crossed by the North-South isogloss, residents of the north of the county have an accent comparable to that of Leicestershire and those in the south an accent similar to rural Oxfordshire. The town of Corby in northern Northamptonshire h as an accent with some originally Scottish features, apparently collectible to immigration of Scottish steelworkers.It is common in Corby for the GOAT set of words to be pronounced with . This pronunciation is used across Scotland and most of Northern England, but Corby is alone in the Midlands in using it ? East Midlands accents are generally non-rhotic, instead drawing out their vowels, resulting in the Midlands Drawl, which can to non-natives be mistaken for dry sarcasm. Old and cold whitethorn be pronounced as owd and cowd (rhyming with loud in the West Midlands and ode in the East Midlands), and in the northern Midlands home can become wom.The West Midlands accent is a great deal described as having a pronounced nasal quality, the East Midlands accent much less so. ? ? Next ? As in the North, Midlands accents generally do not use a broad A, so that cast is pronounced rather than the pronunciation of most southern accents. The northern limit of the in many words crosses Englan d from mid-Shropshire to The Wash, passing just south of Birmingham. ? Midlands speech also generally uses the northern short U, so putt is pronounced the same as put.The southern limit of this pronunciation also crosses from mid-Shropshire to the Wash, but dipping still south to the northern part of Oxfordshire. Next Other features of Derbyshire dialect are 1) the use of words like thee and thou 2) the shortening of words for more economical speech 3) the use of very unusual words like scratin (crying) deriving from old Norse or Viking The dialect of the East Midlands has been investigated in notable texts such as the affectionately titled Ey Up Mi Duck series of books by Richard Scollins and John Titford.These books were originally intended as a study of Derbyshire Dialect, particularly the distinctive speech of Ilkeston and the Erewash valley, but later editions acknowledge similarities in vocabulary and grammar which unite the East Midlands dialects and broadened their appeal t o the region as a whole. Ey Up ( a good deal spelt ayup / eyup) is a greeting model to be of Old Norse origin (se upp) used widely end-to-end the North Midlands and South Yorkshire, and Mi Duck is thought to be derived from a respectful Anglo Saxon form of address, Duka (Literally Duke), and is unrelated to waterfowl.Nonnatives of the East Midlands are often surprised to hear men greet each other as Mi Duck. I, the man with the red scarf, Will give thee what I have, this last weeks earnings. Take them and buy thee a silver ring And wed me, to rest precipitatet my yearnings. For the rest when thou art wedded Ill wet my brow for thee With sweat, Ill enter a house for thy sake, Thou shalt shut doors on me. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? Ay (or ey) up mi duck hello there Aya gorra weeya? is the wife with you?Its black uvver Bills mothers it looks like rain Coggie swimming costume Croaker doctor Ducks necks bottle of lemonade Gorra bag on in a bad mood Laropped drunk Nesh cold Old riffle friend or mate Page owl single adult female out alone at night Skants pants The rally the railroad line line Thiz summat up wee im I think he may be ill Whos mashing? whos making the cups of tea CONCLUSION East Midlands English is a dialect traditionally spoken in Derbyshire, Leicestershire, Lincolnshire, Nottinghamshire, Rutland and Northamptonshire.It came from the centre of the country and was intelligible to most people. It includes special pronunciation, grammatical rules and has variations within the political region. East Midlands takes great pride in its distinctive dialect. In Lincolnshire local people are going back to the classroom to reclaim their linguistic roots. The English written and spoken today owes its origins to a mix of the East Midlands and London dialects. They have a lot of common and it is really hard to distinctive one dialect from another without knowing peculiarities of both dialects.LIST OF REFERENCES & EXTERNAL link up Wiki Travel (2012) England, East Midlands (http//wikitravel. org/en/East_Midlands) Penn Department of Linguistics Dialects of Middle English (http//www. ling. upenn. edu/) Peter Gill (2009) Dialect Poems (http//dspace. dial. pipex. com/) BBC Inside Out (2005) Dialects and accents (http//www. bbc. co. uk/) Bell M. (1996). statement pronunciation and intonation to E. F. L. learners in Korea. Retrieved on 14 October, 2004. p. 255 Tutorgipedia English language in England (http//www. tutorgigpedia. com)

Why Understanding Learning Style Is Useful Education Essay

Harmonizing to deargonst ( 2006 ) define larning mien is a method through which pupils use to get the hang his or her information stylus, by believing and to work verboten(a)ing jobs. It is excessively called orientations or approaches to larning. Honey ( 2006 ) identified four distinguish adequate to(p) larning manners such as atomic number 18 Activist, Theorist, Pragmatist and Reflector. Persons use these four att ainment attacks to larn.Learning is really indispensable for purport it is the key and it reinforces boththing. Learning is formal every bit sizable as informal and a procedure every bit good as an result. It is witting and unconscious. We learn because we want to larn. Reece and Walker ( 2002 ) stated that as a pupil, you should hold the competency and the cognition to use all your accomplishment in conventionalism and be able to analyze and measure the service exploiter nursing attention comprehensively. For scholars to derive understanding and cognitio n they need to learn and understand what was taught.In add-on a construct of larning manner is employ to depict plenty s differences by which they learn. Each person subscribe to method to absorb and treat experiences every bit good as information. Learning manners has become of import for persons, pedagogues, p arnts companies and to understand the good attainment environment allows persons differences. For illustration, research workers slang suggested that one s larning environment affects the pupils ordinary presentation with respects to the consistence with their encyclopaedism penchants.Learning manner is a method through which pupils use to get the hang his or her knowledge manner, by believing and to work give awaying jobs. It is besides called orientations or approaches to larning. Kolb ( 1984 ) and Bastable ( 2003 ) , many(prenominal) agreed in their statement that larning manners should non be perceived as fixed personality traits but as adaptative. Students hurt their peculiar manner of acquisition and go forth larn best when in that location is a kind of larning chances which will enable them to larn in their ain manner. Hence, the pupil will be observed for whatever alterations to find if any acquisition has interpreted topographic channel utilizing brooding, observation, concrete experience, secondive experimentation and abstract conceptualization. They apprize get down at any phase and are regular ( McgiII & A Beaty, 1995 ) . Harmonizing to Honey and Mumford ( 1998 ) , learner s manner of larning will act upon instructor s instruction method.However, as a pupil soak up cognizing my acquisition manners will enable me to derive assurance as an grownup scholar. Understanding my learning manner will support me to hump how to travel to the highest degree my acquisition methods. Knowing my acquisition manner has besides helped me to be in the right environment which is suited for my acquisition. Students have their amus ing ways of acquisition manners and will larn best when there is a assortment of larning chances which will enable them to larn in their ain manner. Hence, the pupil will be observed for any alterations to find if any acquisition has taken topographic point utilizing brooding, observation, concrete experience, active experimentation and abstract conceptualization.Moreso, it is utile for me to understand my acquisition manner because this will assist me to cognize how to apply my class surveies and every bit good as being able to understand how to utilize my larning manner to measure the uncomplaining s demands and support. It is utile for pupil nurse because it helps them pass on with their unhurried in the best manner the patient can understand every bit good as utilizing it to reply, get cognition and accomplishments on how to make my surveies.On the manus, my learning manner was confirmed following the completion of an visit questionnaire Honey ( 2006 ) . My learning manner i s a reflector. Reflector are cagey people and thoughtful people who into esteem all possible angles, synthesis to jump with taking any action I.e. They search many variant positions. They are people who homogeneous to detect people and listen to what they have to state before they come to decision. I learn by detecting. I ever listen to people when they are talking to cognize what they are stating before coming to a decision. An illustration is when we have group activities in our talks or seminars, I normally listen to the thoughts of others first before I come up to thoughts of my ain. In my old topographic point of pattern were I did my arrangement, I observed nurses when they are making some undertaking uniform the readying for giving terminal injection. Before they begin the disposal, the two nurses foremost of all did some observations by look intoing the expiring mean solar day of the month, name of the client, day of the month of birth, the path, clip, and they bes ides checked the medical strong point cabinet temperature and it was recorded in the book where they do enter it. The inclined(p) the injection, ready to be given. And both of them signed the book. The nurse put on baseball mitts this to avoid cross taint. Then after the injection was given, the acerate leaf was disposed in the crisp box.However, my weaker manner is activist, militant are people who engages themselves in batch of activities. They try to experiment. They neer think about effects before the act. As this is my weaker manner of acquisition, I will be affecting myself in a batch of activity because pattern makes perfect. I will besides seek to do instant determinations, inquire to be given group activities in category and be unfastened to bare-ass experiences.Further much, I will develop my weaker manner of acquisition by crook offing my clip efficaciously. I would seek to cut down the clock I invest in thought and reflecting utilizing it more to seek out practical things such as inquiring that I give patients the intravenous out in pattern as opposed to watching and reflecting on the effects that could go on if I was given to make it. This manner I would be able to larn with people of different acquisition manners and be a batch more flexible both in pattern and in schoolroom activities. Like what I mentioned above, pattern makes perfect, hence I need to larn how be much more confident on prosecuting myself in activities that are more hands-on.Militant, are persons who involves themselves in a batch of activities. They are unfastened to seek out impudent-made experiences. They think of the effects of their action after they have already carried out the action in tonss of activities. They are unfastened to seek out new experiences the think of the effects after they have already carried out the action. They like to be the Centre of the activity.Harmonizing to Kolb ( 1984 ) , scholars learn better when the topic affair is presented in a mann er consistent with their preferable acquisition manner. Theorist, are ordered people, they think through everything before the act. They are more like perfectionist who analyse and synthesise. They are more on the non unverifiable side than on the subjective side. They reject anything non-logical and they maximise certainty. Pragmatists are people who open to seeking out thoughts and experimenting. They are down to earth people who act fast and confidently on any thought they come across. They are job convergent thinkers that make practical determinations. They take every job as a challenge. Reflectors are cautious people and thoughtful people who take into consideration all possible angles, deductions before taking any action. For illustration they explore many different positions. They are people who like to detect people and listen to what they have to state before they come to a decision.Kolb s acquisition distinguishes four acquisition manners which are perceivers, minds, dec iders and actors. Each of these has strong point and failing. It is of import that pupils become more cognizant of their learning strengths and work on their failing. Perceivers are people who beliefs in existent event of life they like listening to other peoples experiences and travel back to believe about it. They are speculative scholars desiring to cognize how to use it in their acquisition.The methodological analysis use in collating the grounds for set uping my acquisition through the questionnaire we completed is called qualitative method. However, the literature reappraisal provided me a secondary method in collating further grounds of what is already known in the field.In decision, I have learned a batch from larning manners and every bit good as deriving cognition and accomplishments. I recognised the different types of acquisition manners and cognizing my ain method of larning. In the hereafter being able to understand my single acquisition manner will let me to be able to reassign the cognition acquired in a schoolroom film to pattern. This will profit my experience as a pupil nurse.

Mongolia’s Karakorum

The antediluvian patriarch urban gist of Karakorum in the 13th century jibe to business relationship and archaeological records was the seat and the imperial capital of the Mongol empire of Genghis (or Chinggis) caravan inn. It is located in the Ovohangai Mongolia, contiguous the Orhon River and Mount Otuken according to Haw (2006, 32). The metropolis was embeded and erected by Genghis Khan himself in 1220 to serve as the seat of his capacious Mongol Empire and non only served as the administrative center but a major cultural link among the vitamin E and the westerly United States. Before the 13th century, the area almost Karakorum particularly Karabalghasun used to be the seat of the Uyghurs who needed a permanent fortified capital to gunstock resources extorted from China in 750-757.Ideally, this place was the best choice because the Turks and the Mongols considered the surrounding lands as sacred. After the Uyghurs were finished in 840 by the Khirgiz the region w as transformed from a Turkish heartland to a Mongol land. The Khirgiz federal agency was however centered on the Yenisei River to the North which was how the area around Mt. Outuken and Karakorum faded into oblivion according to Findley (2005, 49). geographically Karakorum also lies in the northwestern corner of the vrkhangai Province of Mongolia, near todays town of Kharkhorin.This region is surrounded by cultivatable land making the soil generally soft and ideal for put after the annual flooding according to Morgan (1986, 87). The land is also tributary to grazing which is extremely acceptable and desirable to a nomadic kindred who relied on horses to travel faster to fara federal agency lands. Present day Mongolia has discovered the ruins of the vast city of Karakorum in an area which was suitable for both crops and lineage and which possessed very old-established mining deposits Morgan(1986, 46).As a major geographic route in the Middle Ages, Karakorum is also a saddle b etween two mountains and a river and considered a relatively easy passage to the east which was how Genghis must have envisioned his central empire. When the Mongols reunited the steppe tribes, they created the largest land-based empire in history interlinking Europe and Asia under(a) Genghis Khan in McCannon (2006, 143). However, prior to their expansion, the Mongols did not have a sophisticated society and proved adept at cultural borrowing as cerebrate in McCannon (2006, 144).History has related how the Mongols behaved like barbarians without any regard for personal care and clothing. As warriors, a nomadic life best suited them and anything that could slow their journey to the adjoining city they could conquer is avoided. However Kwantes revealed that the Mongols massive journey and conquests into other lands awoke them to goods they had never seen (2005, 57). Khan and his men learned to appreciate the beautiful silk, delicious feed and exotic items pillaged and gathered fro m other places (Kwantes, 57). They began to slowly learn roughly other peoples culture which changed their way of lives.Genghis Khans advisers told him once, thou has conquered great empire in the saddle thou cannot predominate it so, (Kwantes 58). Clearly this advisor understood that Khans nomadic way of life could not continue when vast lands and goods were acquired without a central administration devised to rule for such a grown empire. Understanding the need for persistence of the Mongol rule, Genghis Khan now growing older changed the Mongols nomadic life and decided to establish Karakorum as his headquarters because of its handiness and spiritual history (Kwantes, 57).In its prime Karakorum served not only as the administrative centre of the Mongolian Empire, but also as a major trade and cultural link between East and West in Haw, (2006, 32). The Mongols soon imposed a single political authority, boost economic exchange and made travel conditions safer according to McCa nnon (2006, 144). They began to established cities around their territories and made crucial economic centers passable for merchants, missionaries and travelers of all profession (McCannon, 144).Genghis Khan desired for his people to learn which is why foreign visitors were encouraged and welcomed so the Mongols could gather knowledge from the foreigners about cultures uncommon to them. Morgan once said that the Mongols were unbiased and uncultured who did not know how to write (1986, 114). All this would change ulterior on as Mongol conquest is contemporarily declared as the dislodge of intellectual and scientific primacy of the Old World from Islamic societies to Western and easterly societies in Saunders(2001, 82).At its height, Karakorum became a busy metropolis served by soldiers, merchants, and craftspeople, to a greater extent of the latter imported from lands conquered by the Mongolian military in Morgan (1986, 114). The ancient city, with an area of 400 meters by 400 me ters, was protected from attackers by a fortified wall, and near each of the walls iv gates, four giant granite turtle sculpts were installed to protect the city from a potentially more dangerous threat stopic floods from the Orhon River in Morgan (1986115).Karakorum in the 13th century then became home to more than ten thousand people, including Khans family, noblemen, ministers, military leadership, craftsmen, traders, clergy, and foreign guests, in addition to nomads inhabiting the compounds in Morgan (1986, 114). The huge size of the city was ideal for the citys diverse religions where twelve matinee idol temples of different nations, two mosques in which is cried the and one church of Christians could be found within its walls(Kwantes, 59).In addition, a diverse population also populate the walls with resident Chinese, Alans, Ruthenians, Georgians, Hermenians and other non-Mongol peoples inside as provided in Saunders (2001, 19). Karakorum became a server to a stream of foreign emissaries and traders like Marco Polo and perhaps Ibn Battuta among others. Delegations as far away as India, Arabia, Armenia and Rome, as well as merchants from China, Persia, and other countries along the Silk Route were welcome to the Great Khans established city. townsfolk life must have prospered a lot during Genghis reign as archaeological evidence supports how their existence was centered on metallurgy powered by the currents of the Orkhon River. Other findings include arrowheads iron cauldrons wheel bushings evidence of ceramic tiles and sculpture production (Brittanica, 2005). Glass beads production and yarn spindles were also observable along with also Chinese silk and coins that could support the trading activity in the area (Brittanica, 2005).Recent excavations of the city ruins have indicated that the royal palace was believably burned down at the time of the Min invasion, but it is not clear how completely the city was demolished (McCannon, 144). Although th ere is no have-to doe with of Karakorum in known historical records of the following 87 years, it is quite come-at-able that the city was never fully abandoned according to McCannon (2006, 144). Indeed the city is the cradle of many Central Asian civilizations with its advanced agriculture and crafts that were extremely developed while trade flourished.Despite European claims that the Tartars (as how Europe called the Mongols) were highly uncivilized and unsophisticated records would show that Karakorum was once an intellectual community. They honor and reward diverse cultures and religion which has been carried through centuries of repression until 1990s when Mongolians were soon free to practice session any religion of choice. Illiteracy has also been eliminated in this modern period as a legacy from its great leaders.Today the Mongols and their great leaders are remembered as valiant heroes who conquered vast lands against all odds to shape up a mighty empire or as ruthless conquerors that destroyed everything in their path. Genghis set a certain set of organization, discipline, equipment and mentality to flake for and with his men with a vast army organized into a quantitative system, with a commander for every series of 10 units elected by the troops in Morgan (1986, 115).Military tactics were rehearsed well in conceptualization and each warrior was expected to know precisely what to do from the signals of the commanders, which took form in flaming arrows, drums, and banners (Morgan, 116). With extreme discipline they combined skill, discipline, and tactics without Western mental disturbance or teaching, learning such divisive techniques on their own. Sometime when the western knights fought with the Mongol horsemen during an invasion, the Europeans were utterly destroyed as the Mongols employed a immense array of tricks that contradicts claims of their uneducated and barbaric status.Nevertheless, the sheer extent of their conquests revealed ho w an ailing nation ravaged by poverty and conflict once united under a single cause could reach great heights of power and achievement. Division and greed for power disunited them into utter failure which serves as a lesson for the next generations. I therefore consider the Mongols as the profound players in history because their conquests surpass what any other country has done. whole works CitedKwantes, Anne. She Has Done a Beautiful Thing for Me Portraits of Christian Women in Asia PhilAm books, 2005.Haw, Stephen. Marco Polo in China A Venetian in the Realm of Khubilal Khan. Routledge, 2006.McCannon, John. Barrons How to make up for the AP World. Barrons Educational Series, 2006.Findley, Carter Vaughn. The Turks in World History. United States Oxford Press, 2005.Britannica. Karakorum. 2005.http//www.britannica.com/eb/article-9044690/KarakorumAccessed 08 May, 2007.Morgan, David. The Mongols. Blackwell Publishing, 1986.Saunders, John Joseph. The History of the Mongol Conquests. B lackwell Publishing, 2001.

Establishing a Claim in Negligence

IntroductionIn for a claim for default to be demonstrateed the claimant entrust be required to prove that they choose suffered wrong and that aimal behaviour or at least precipitation existed. This onlyow for allow a determination to be make as to whether the claimants get down any possible tort of negligence claims against the suspects. Establishing if the suspect is negligent, the claimant essential prove whether at that place is a occupation of financial aid, whether this trading had been revealed and the impose on _or_ oppress was caused by the breach. In Heaven v Pender1 it was commencement ceremony suggested there should be a general regulation of law which governs the vocation of caution. Lord Atkin in Donoghue v Stevenson2 provided some guidance in this ara by showing that in ball club to establish a duty of railc argon was owed the so-called live principle must be adopted you must take comely care to avoid make outs or omissions which you flush toilet reasonably foresee would be likely to injure your neighbour. The motor lodge in Dorset Yacht Co Ltd v Home Office3 expanded this principle even further when it was made clear what type of circumstances would give rise to a duty of care and was followed by Caparo Industries plc v Dickman4 which is currently the leading case traffic with the duty of care element. The House of Lords in this case proposed a collar-stage riddle for establishing whether a duty of care has trainn. The courts would need to be satisfied that a) it would be reasonably foreseeable that the suspects failure to take care could cause impose on _or_ oppress or damage to the claimant b) that the congenericship between the claimant and the defendant was so close that there was an element of proximity between them and c) that it is fair, clean and reasonable to impose a duty of care on the defendant arrange upon the objet darticular circumstances of the case.Unless this analyse can be satisfied, a claimant go away be unable to establish a claim in negligence since the defendant volition non be found to harbour owed a duty of care to the claimant. one time it has been shown that a duty of care was owed to the claimant, it must then be shown that the duty has been breached. This will be dogged by the Court based on a two-stage test first of all the Court will be required to consider how the defendant should bind be accommodated in such circumstances (question of law) and then decide the goal to which the defendants behaviour fell below this required standard of care (question of occurrence).5Consequently, it must be shown that a reasonable psyche would have foreseen the danger and after regarded the try as unreasonable Blythe v Birmingham Waterworks6. As a general rule, a defendant will not be nonresistant unless the risk was foreseeable, was not insignificant and a reasonable person would not have interpreted the necessary precautions in respect of the particular risk that numberred. In making such an assessment the Court will consider what precautions a reasonable person would have taken, what the likelihood of misuse was and whether a reasonable person could have been expected to bear the costs of avoiding such harm. The test is an objective one Glasgow Corp v Muir7 and the issue to be considered is not whether the defendant would have foresaw the risk tho whether a reasonable person would have foresaw it based on the particular circumstances of the case.The issue will thus be decided on a case by case basis by reviewing the individual facts of the case. Once it is shown that the defendant owed a duty of care and subsequently breached that duty, causation must then be considered. Essentially, it must be shown that the claimants breathing outes were a natural number of the breach since the breach caused the harm or damage that occurred. In establishing causation, the but for test would need to be applied. This test was established in R v White8 when it was stated by the Court that the claimant must prove that the harm would not have occurred but for the defendants actions. Once this has been established causation will then be proved unless it can alike be shown that there is an interpose act which brakes the kitchen range of causation, in addition known as a novus actus interveniens Wilsher v Essex airfield Health Authority9 the but for test will not established. Remoteness of damage will then be compulsive by considering whether or not the damage was a kind which was foreseeable. Once all of these elements have been proven, the defendant will be found nonimmune for the full extent of the damage The Wagon mount (no.1)10. Jennifer HallamIn June 2013 Jennifer Hallam parked her car opposite the knights plaza construct where on perish to her car she noticed damage to the car. On enquiring from shop owners she was informed that this was referable to light reflecting from the building. Jennifer returned the next day and investigated and established this is the case. T Knight convocation (TKG) owe a duty of care to Jennifer as the neighbour principle clearly applies to her on the basis that the Jennifer would have been so closely alter by the actions of TKG that they ought reasonably to have had her in their contemplation. TKG would thus have been at a lower place a duty to ensure that reasonable care was being taken in order to avoid any harm or damage to third partied caused by their actions. Nevertheless, this could be dis corrected by TKG as they may be able to demonstrate that the breach of duty did not occur as a result of their own actions. This is because the architects or the structural engineers could sort of be held responsible for the design fault. This situation has been seen around the world and also in the UK. Under section 79 of the environmental protection act 1990 the local authority may take action to ensure the execration is stopped. There is no reported case i n England and Wales in which a Court has been required to determine reflection of sunlight.However in juvenile Zealand this was the case and was seen in cuss of New Zealand v greenwood11. This would amount to an actionable tort of nuisance. Here the high Court of New Zealand held that reflected light can constitute an actionable nuisance. In Hunter v Canary wharf Ltd12 the Lords considered the New Zealand case and although they said that it was most unusual they did in fact regard the decision as eminently sensible and admirable. In light of this, it could therefore be said that Jennifers actions is likely to be triumphful if the Courts in the UK follow suit. If the Courts do find that there has been a breach, it is likely that they will then be able to establish that the breach caused the harm and was not as well remote so as to go on an action in negligence. This is because, if TKG successful argue that they the architects or the structural engineers are to blame for the dama ge, then the standard of care will be that based upon their expertise Wilsher v Essex13. And, architects and structural engineers will be required to have a reasonable expectation of the risks involved with this type of project and ought to have known of the dangers.RahimRahim Khan has stated that he has suffered a financial loss due to the dazzling sun and high temperatures that are created when the sun reflects slay the Knights marrow Building and onto the pavement outside his shop. There is generally no duty of care owed to individuals to avoid causing others to suffer an stinting loss. The stinting loss must not relate to personal injury or damage to property as in Spartan brace & Alloys Ltd v Martin14. Nevertheless, in Hedley Byrne & co v Heller15 the House of Lords held that economic loss could be caused by negligence misstatement rather than a negligent act, although it is flimsy to impose here. In Linklaters Business Services v Sir Robert McAlpine16, however, it was not ed by the Court that It may well be arguable in the case of mingled structures that one element of the structure should be regarded for the purpose of the application and the principles regarding economic loss as distinct from other element, so that damage to one part of the structure caused by a hidden defect in another part may qualify to be treated as damage to other property. It will depend entirely upon the facts of the case as to whether a claim by Rahim will prove to be a success although it is questionable whether this will be established given the complexity of establishing elegant economic loss.Thus, Rahim will have to demonstrate that the relationship between Rahim and TKG was comfortablely close for a claim to be ascertained for economic loss. This is unlikely to be established given that Rahim merely owns a nearby organize shop and so the requirements are unlikely to be satisfied here. In addition, Rahim also stated that his business has just reopened after health tester closed it down after allegations of food poisoning. This could be significant as the loss could have been caused by the closure of the shop for 6 months. The chain of mountains of causation (novus actus interveniens) could have been broken by the fact the shop was closed. In certain cases, the chain of causation is capable of being broken by an intervening act. Therefore, the defendant may not be conjectural if the chain is broken by the intervening act even if there exists a duty of care as in Kirkham v head17. Thus, as put by Finch and Fafinski if the novus actus interveniens is sufficient to break the chain, then the defendant may not be liable despite being in breach of the duty of care.18 Accordingly, it is therefore unlikely that TKG will be found liable in tort for the loss that was suffered by Rahim since it is likely that the loss would have occurred irrespective The Oropesa19. Rahim is also being prosecuted having been caught on CCTV cameras throwing stones and s ubsequently causing damage to the Knights Plaza Building costing ?75,000. In common law Rahim would be found miserablely liable for criminal damage under section 1 (1) of the Criminal Damage Act 1971 for destroying property that belonged to another with the intention or recklessness as to whether damage was caused. The fact that Rahim was caught on CCTV throwing stones at the building is sufficient enough to find him liable under this section. Accordingly, it is clear that Rahim had the intention to damage the property by throwing the stones as he was angry at TKG for the loss of profits in which he claims to have suffered. In addition, for criminal damage to be established, it does not have to be shown that the property is no longer usable. The fact that some damage was caused will be sufficient as in Roper v Knott20. Accordingly, Rahim will thus be found criminally liable for damaging the property and causing ?75,000 outlay of damage.Andy Pandy, Mandy Pandy and Muz AhmedIn decid ing whether Darren is liable for the death of Andy Pandy and the injuries sustained by Mandy Pandy and Muz Ahmed, it will need to be considered whether Darran owed them a duty of care. Applying the Caparo test, it is evident that a duty of care was owed to Andy, Mandy and Muz. This is because all three of them can be considered to have a relationship of proximity to Darran that he ought to have had them in his contemplation. Hence, drivers owe a duty of care to pedestrians so it is evident that this part of the test will have been satisfied. Nevertheless, it is questionable whether Darran failed to take care given that the gust of waver is likely to have been unforeseeable and as such it would not be fair, just and reasonable to impose duty of care on him. In addition, although Darran caused the accident to occur it can be said that there was an intervening act that broke the chain of causation. This is because the accident would not have happened had it not been for the structure of the building and because these defects were known to the TKG since May 2013, they could have alleviated these problems by taking the necessary steps. In view of this, the TKG should be found liable for the death of Andy since they ought to have taken reasonable precautions to prevent the problem from occurring. Essentially, because they had not taken any steps to prevent the problem from occurring it is clear that they should be found liable as they would have owed Andy a duty of care, they were in breach of that duty and the breached caused the harm.The same will apply in relation to Mandy and Muz since it would not be fair, just and reasonable to impose liability on Darran for the psychiatric harm that was caused and so TKG ought to be held liable for this also. In order to establish a claim in negligence for psychiatric injury, all of the negligence requirements must first be satisfied. However, further difficulties will arise since Mandy and Muz will not be awarded compensati on unless three additional requirements are satisfied a) there was a close tie of love and partiality between the parties b) that the victim was close to the accident at the time, and c) that the accident was like a shot perceived.21 It is likely that Mandy will be able to establish all three given that Andy was her brother, although it will be more difficult for Muz to demonstrate that there was a close tie of love and affection. In addition, it will also have to be shown that the harm or damage caused was reasonably foreseeable, which again will be likely to prove complex Alcock v Chief Constable of Yorkshire22. In foliate v Smith23, nonetheless, the defendant was found liable even though the claimant was not physically hurt the car belt that was caused by the defendant. Therefore, it is possible that both Mandy and Muz will be able to establish a claim against TKG as shown in Dulieu v White24. If it is shown that the harm is too remote, however, they will not be able to estab lish a claim. terminalOverall, it is likely that TKG will be found liable for the damage that has been caused to Jennifers car, the death of Andy and the psychiatric injury caused to Mandy and Muz, unless they can demonstrate that the architects and structural engineers are to blame. It is unlikely that Rahims claim will succeed and instead he will be found criminally liable for the damage caused to the building. amends fall into two categories, pecuniary and non-pecuniary losses. Pecuniary losses are deliberate into monetary terms whereas non-pecuniary losses are not. However, whether or not insurance will be awarded will be dependent upon the remoteness of the harm or damage that was causedBibliographyFinch, E. and Fafinski, S. (2010) police force Express Tort Law, 3rd Edition, Longman.Kidner, R. (2010) standard on Torts, 11th Edition.The Law Commission., Liability for Psychiatric Illness (1998) Law Com No 249, 2.Cases Alcock v Chief Constable of Yorkshire 1992 1 AC 310Bank o f New Zealand v greenwood 1984 1 NZLR 525Blythe v Birmingham Waterworks (1856) 11 Exch 781Caparo Industries plc v Dickman 1990 1 All ER 568Donoghue v Stevenson 1932 AC 562Dorset Yacht Co Ltd v Home Office 1970 AC 1004Glasgow Corp v Muir 1943 AC 448Hedley Byrne & co v Heller 1963 3 WLR 101Heaven v Pender (1883) 11 QBD 503 Hunter v Canary Wharf Ltd 1997 2 WLR 684Kirkham v Chief 1990 2 KB 283Linklaters Business Services v Sir Robert McAlpine 2010 EWHC 1145 (TCC)Page v Smith 1996 AC 155Roper v Knott 1898 1 QB 868R v White (1910) 2 KB 124Spartan Steel & Alloys Ltd v Martin 1972 3 WLR 502The Oropesa 1943 1 All ER 211Wilsher v Essex Area Health Authority 1988 AC 1074

Theme of Oppression: Waiting for Snow in Havana compared to Kaffir Boy

A paradigmatic moral witness is one who experiences the acheone who is not just an observer merely also a sufferer. Carlos Eire, Professor of Hi report and Religious Studies at Yale University and author of Waiting for black eye in Havana, is a moral witness. His book is a memoir of puerility and exile, the recollections of a privileged boy who, at the age of 11, was one of 14,000 children airlifted from Cuba, stranded from his p atomic number 18nts and, with only a small suitcase in hand, dropped off in a land in which he did not know a soul.The book is, however, more than is a record of suffering endured at the men of evil-mindeddoers. As its subtitle indicates, Eire spargons in the style of confession. Unlike Elie Wiesel, for instance, he does not mainly register evil and suffering to honor the sufferers and warn prox generations or to accomplish an inner catharsis. He probes deeply into the warping that evil produces in the souls of victims and struggles with frightenin g honesty, born of faith, on a journey of salvation from its sinister power.So moving, so wildly fancyous and yet so grievous in its moral judgment, so concentrated on the self alone so concerned with others and their salvation, a story so rooted in a specific time and place and yet so global in import. Evil keeps appearing in the configuration of a lounge lizard, and the lizard of lizards is Fidel, who destroyed everything Eire knew as boy, wrecked it in the name of fairness, progress, the oppressed, and of love for the gods Marx and Lenin. distant to what one might expect, the redemption toward which Eire is groping bears the face not of a political figure or a social program simply of messiah, who wept with joy upon seeing all the worlds sins embedded in those mean, raw pieces of woods that meant death for Him at the age of thirty-three. A Cuban nun taught him the core of redemption. She was wise enough to talk to the orphaned and exiled children not closely their g ift situation, utterly dire as it was, but in universal ground close to their faults and about redemption from them. In his search for redemption, Eire wrestles with two issues. First, what to do with desire bereft of a precious object, a boys desire that yearns for what it could sustain had as much as for what it lost. In the past thirty-eight age Ive seen eight thousand nine hundred and s withalteen clouds in the shape of the island Cuba, writes Eire, an exiled man in his early fifties. Second, how does one make peace with enemies, hitherto more, how does one love them? My dream of dreams, writes Eire toward the end of the book, is to kiss the lizard fondly, and let go forever.The original title of the book, rejected by the publisher as withal offensive, was Kiss the Lizard, Jesus (Jesus Rubio was the main character in that first stochastic variable of the book, conceived as a novel rather than a memoir). Much of what Eire is later as he sifts through recollections and the emotions stirred by the recollected events can be described as the redemption of memories imagine the sound of memories that have naught to do with Batista or Fidel. So how does Eires journey toward redemption look?You essential read the book yourself. One thing that will strike you promptly is the style. Here is its unforgettable first sentence The world changed while I slept, and much to my surprise, no one had consulted me. Then there is the perspective. Eire combines a sort of seeing the world often associated with magical realism (except that it is all true, or at least 98. 6% of it, as he told me) with a humor the likes of which Ive never seen beforea humor that is not garnish but a way of demeanor and itself a vehicle of redemption.An even more important element of redemption than humoran element which lets humor do the redemptive work and not just relieve Eire temporarily of lifes burdensis his spicy faith in God. His avow peculiar proofs of Gods existence (proof n o. 5, the last-ditch proof desire) structure the whole text, and he repeatedly reads his own story within the framework of salvation history (e. g. , the exiled children of Cuba argon the slaughtered children of Bethlehem as a fatherless boy he sees himself in the image of Gods Son disposed by the Father).The aftereffects of that nuns talk, which left him in a stupor, wondering what had hit him, are felt throughout the book. Can one get no redemption before the dawn of the world to come? One can. Eire writes as a man who has tasted the sweet savor of a new life even as he is drinking from the bitter cup of evils memories. He has kissed legion(predicate) lizards, he says. That is why when he condemns Emesto, a lizard slightly tracking Fidel in ugliness and wickedness, the worst punishment he can come back of is for him to be embraced by Jesus eternally.So writes a man who has admittedly not yet been freed from anger but has tenderiseed it up to God and is letting Jesus take ca re of it. Eires questions are spiritual How do we live with memories of irretrievable loss and violation, given that for victims, memories are not so much a solution as a problem? How do we relate to the perpetrators? How do we find healing of losses and redemption from evil? Eires answers are apparitional we find redemption by having our stories inserted into Gods story and in everlasting life with God, the source of our life and salvation and the telos of all our desires.Secular and religious are alternatives, but the moral philosophy of memory and the redemption of memories need not be. The utility of Eires religious struggle for the redemption of memories is that, if pressed, he can integrate the ethics of memory into his perspective. Eire offers redemption of memoriesand redemption of people who remember. The story Kaffir boy deals with the agony of racism. In Mark Mathabanes Kaffir Boy, Mark has grown up in poverty. Though Mark is told that he will never get along to any thing because he is black, Mark strives for success since he has nothing to lose.Through a relation of different reactions to prejudices revealed in the stories, we learn that our choices should be determined by which options offer the greatest rewards and/or the fewest penalties. In Kaffir Boy, Mark Mathabane joins his nan at her workplace in the big city. Mark is astonished that vacuous people live such extravagant lives while his family can precisely afford food. When Mark and his grandmother reach the Smith residence, Mark meets a white boy named Clyde who has been providing Mark with hand-me-downs.He tells Mark what the white children learn about in their school. Mark is shocked to hear the stereotypes that the white children have about black people. Mark is greatly insulted when Clyde tells him, My teacher says Kaffirs cant read, speak or write English like white people because they have smaller brains, which are already full of tribal things (Mathabane 237). Both writings have characters that are faced with racist discrimination. However, though they go through similar scenarios of racism, their own situations and reactions to racism are different.Mark is a child who lives in poverty, but when he is told he will fail because he is black, Mark becomes motivated to designate himself to the world. What motivates people depends on the results they are trying to accomplish. If someone has more to dispatch than lose from a situation, they will try that much harder to succeed. Mark realised this and since he had nothing, it was all gain and no loss. The opposite is true as well if you strive for something that will get you nowhere or sacrifice you in a worse position, the best thing to do is not to try.

Pride and Prejudice Analysis on the Theme of Love Essay

* Ultimately, self-exaltation and Prejudice is a love fable in that the counselling Darcy/Elizabeth and Bingley/Jane finally come to take inher forms the basis of the plot.* real number love, as it is represented in the fable, can overcome the odds such as the interference of well-meaning friends as well as arrogance and prejudice. It lasts over time and is not establish on a debaseingly a(prenominal) weeks acquaintance. Aus ten dollar bill reckons to believe in love based on mutual gratitude, delight in and respect. Being intellectually and referenceistically equal also seems to be important. This is exhibit in the characters and relationships menti one(a)d above. The power of love to change stack is also explored with Elizabeth and Darcy comme il faut better people as a result of their relationship.* Some former(a) spousalss such as Wickham/Lydia, Mr. and Mrs. bennet and Mr. Collins/Charlotte are looked upon disapprovingly because they are not wedding ceremonys of true love, nevertheless(prenominal) marriages based on desire or financial convenience.Marriage* Marriage is seen as necessary for social reputability and material comfort. The sole aim of Mrs. Bennets demeanor is get her daughters married, hence showing its importance.* There are disparate aims and kinds of marriages. Marriages for convenience, financial security, desire and of course, love are the most common ones.* There is the question of where to gain the line between the prudent and mercenary motive in marriage.* The refreshful reflects the real societal problem of the lack of availability of suitable partners, reflected in Charlottes desire to grasp at anything.* Austen shows that marriage can be motivated by love and not money through the primary(prenominal) characters. Darcy and Bingley both marry socially and financially inferior women.* She began straight off to track that he was exactly the man, who, in disposition and talents, would most suit her. His ac cord and temper, though unlike her own, would puzzle answered all her wishes. It was a union that must have been to the advantage of both by her ease and liveliness, his mind great power have been softened, his manners improved, and from his judgement, information, and knowledge of the world, she must have received turn a profit of greater importance. But no such happy marriage could now teach the admiring multitude what connubial felicity really was. (P.295-6)Wealth* In the novel, wealth is seen as beneficial commodity tho not needfully guaranteeing happiness, morality and solid sense. Bingley and Darcy choose their wives for their character and beauty probably because they have a better chance of happiness. Miss Bingley is rich but scatty in good morals and kindness. chick Catherine is also rich but lacking in good sense.* Solely marrying for money is frowned upon, i.e. Mr. Wickham, Mrs. Bennets vulgar desire to have her daughters marry rich men* Austen places character ab ove material wealth in terms of choosing a marriage partner, as Elizabeth initially refuses Darcy despite his great fortune.* Austen shows that worth is not based on wealth or social, that somebodyal qualities are important too, such as morality and parole.First impressions* Linked to prejudice, Austen shows that first impressions are not always a true reflection of the way things really are. This is shown high hat through the characters of Wickham and Darcy.* Darcy also has to overcome his first impression of Elizabeth, especially her less than friendly attitude towards him.* Austen endorses the value of not judging a person immediately but taking time to see their true character.Pride* Austen disapproves of excessive pride through the depictions of bird Catherine, Darcy and Mr. Collins. Lady Catherine thinks she has a correct to interfere in all aspects peoples lives, Mr. Collins is haughty because of his association with Lady Catherine and his moral rightness and Darcys pri de provokes the abominate of people, in particular, Elizabeth. Elizabeth is also proud in that she stubbornly believes she is right just about(predicate) Darcy and persists in disliking him.* Pride is a very common failing, I believe. By all that I have ever read, I am convinced(p) that it is very common indeed, that human nature is particularly prone to it, and that thither are very few of us who do not love a feeling of self-complacency on the score of some quality, real or imaginary.* Mary also says, Vanity and pride are different things, though the words are often used synonymously. (P.21) Pride is about what we think of ourselves, while vanity is about the opinions of others.Ignorance* Austen disapproves of ignorance, demonstrated in the way that certain characters are mocked for their stupidity, in particular, Mrs. Bennet, Lydia, Mr. Collins and Lady Catherine. Their ignorance is often a source of humour.* Austen endorses intelligence both Darcy and Elizabeth are intelli gent, and seems to promote reading for the acquire of knowledge and understanding.* To some extent, Elizabeth is ignorant too because of her prejudice towards Wickham and Darcy. Pleased with the perceptiveness of one, and offended by the neglect of the other, on the very beginning of our acquaintance, I have courted prepossession and ignorance, and driven reason past. (P.202) Therefore, prejudice is linked with ignorance. Similarly, people dislike Darcy because of ignorance they dont who he really is.Courtship* The novel explores different methods of courtship. Mr. Collins and Mr. Darcy both have interesting methods. Mr. Darcy apologises for being in love and insults Elizabeth. Mr. Collins lists all the practical benefits of marriage for himself and is totally unlikely in his expressions of love. They sound like the complements he likes to create and prepare.* Jane c formerlyals her affection too much. If a woman conceals her affection with the same skill from the object of it, she whitethorn lose the opportunity of fixing him and it will then be but poor consolation to believe the world equally in the dark. (P.22)CharactersElizabeth Bennet* Lively, attractive, spirited, articulate, well-mannered, affectionate, genteel* intelligent, perceptive, well-read, independent, rational* Easily prejudiced positively and negatively compulsive to dislike Darcy and like Wickham* High moral standards high ideals about marriage and love* Cheerful disposition able to laugh at her misfortunes* Realises her mistakes and follies when she sees Darcys nature* Ashamed of the oddities of her family, yet devoted to their wellbeing* Dis playing periods strength and intelligence when con calculateed by Lady Catherine sees through her wealth and statusFitzwilliam Darcy* Handsome, refined, discreet, intelligent, articulate* virtuously upright, devoted to his sister, honest, honourable, loving, highly praised by housekeeper, accepts blame* conscious of his pedigree, arrogant, shy, un comfortable roughly strangers, reserved* Becomes more modest, humble and well-mannered after Elizabeth reprimands himJane Bennet* Attractive, genteel, kind, tend to think the best of people, sensitive, modest, patient, a little bit too gross(a) to be trueCharles Bingley* Sociable, lively, unreserved, keen on pleasing others, relies on Darcy for guidance, kind, love by everyone, gentleman-like, lacks resolution and his own opinionMr. Bennet* Quick, reserved, sarcastic, humorous, capricious, has philosophic phlegm* Is content to laugh at the oddities of his family without endeavouring to fix them* Irresponsible towards his family realises this after the Lydia/Wickham role* Favours Elizabeth because they are similar in intellectualism and character* Well-read, likes the land, shuts himself in his library away from his family* Regrets marrying a woman he cant respect, enjoys rag his wifeMrs. Bennet* Comic figure, foolish, talkative, snobbish, ignorant, uncertain temper, small-min ded, naive* Business of life was to get her daughters married nothing matters more to her, hypocriticalCaroline Bingley* Shallow, materialistic, snobbish, unkind, lacks integrity, wants Darcy, hypocriticalMr. Collins* Comic figure, absurd, complements everything, thinks he is serious, apologises excessively* Feels proud because of his association with Lady Catherine and because of his moral uprightness* Marries solely for practical reasons, not for love* new(prenominal) people generally cant stand him except for Charlotte who seems to be willing to tolerate himLady Catherine de Bourgh* Comic figure associated with authors satire of behaviors and good breeding* Arrogant, authoritative, thinks she has a right to dictate every aspect of peoples lives* Patronising, condescending perhaps this is suits her role as a patroness* Lacks wisdom and gentility, forthright, conscious of her rank and pedigreeMr. Wickham* Uses his good looks and charm to attract wealthy women for their money, see ms to have no morals, has all the appearance of goodness, lives groundlessly, squanders all his money, takes advantage of other peoples kindness, initially love by everyone, stands in contrast to DarcyCharlotte Lucas* Pragmatic in terms of marriage, seems to anxious(predicate) to grasp at any offer of marriageMr. & Mrs. Gardiner* Like-minded to Jane and Elizabeth, one of the few relatives Elizabeth isnt ashamed of.Lydia Bennet* High-spirited, similar to her mother, obsessed with officers, wild and unrestrained, uncivil, boisterous, talkative, unashamed, fearless, noisyMary Bennet* Studious, well-read, intellectual, prides herself on morality and sense, works hard for accomplishments, has a conceited and pedantic airStyle* Use of overstatement* Formal, refined language elegant dialogue* Subtle, light touch, not unrelenting or forceful* Irony In a fortnight they (the officers) were to go, and once gone, she (Elizabeth) hoped there could be nothing more to plague her on his (Wickh am) account. (P.215). This is irony in setting up for Lydias elopement with Wickham.* Caricature Mrs. Bennet, Mr. Collins and Lady Catherine are all examples of what Jane Austen thinks people should not be.Setting* Small country town gossip, ignorance, small-mindedness. Mr. Darcydrewattentionby his fine, tall personand the trace which was in general circulation within five minutes after his entrance, of his having ten thousand a year. (P.12) In a small town, all they do visit each other and gossip, especially people like Mrs. Bennet. alike reflected in Mrs. Bennet is the small-mindedness and ignorance.* 18th century England reflected in social conventions, social rank, class system, marriage. Social conventions The Bennet girls couldnt visit Bingley until Mr. Bennet went first. Husbands and wives seldom referred to each other by first names in front of servants. Social rank and class system Darcy, Bingley and Lady Catherine are higher(prenominal) in rank than the Bennets, the Lucases and the Collins. Therefore the Bennet girls were advancing in their status by marrying Darcy and Bingley. There is hardly any mention of the lower classes Marriage the general opinion was that marriage equalled happiness, social security and financial convenience especially for women.Context* Much social upheaval in other parts of Europe however, this is not evident in this novel. England was whitewash very much a class-ridden society. Austen only focuses on the comfortable lives of the in-between and upper classes. It was fashionable for young ladies of the middle class to do as little domestic work as possible. This is why the Bennet girls seem to have nothing to do except visit officers, shop, go to balls, socialise, play music and read.

Luxury Goods in India Essay

Luxury goods in India is still at a nascent stage of development. eminent net worth individuals such as businessmen, senior government officials, celebrities and top management in corporations are pick up potential customers for highlife goods. As consumers awareness about world(a) luxury brands increases, they use such products to differentiate themselves from others. The high net worth individuals ofttimes buy luxury goods for personal as well as gifting requirements and global luxury brand operatorsLuxury Goods in India report offers a comp guide to the size and shape of the Luxury Goods securities industry at a national level. It provides the latest retail sales data, allowing you to identify the sectors driving growth. It identifies the lead story companies, the leading brands and offers strategic analysis of key factors influencing the market and their effects on Luxury Goods retailing along with the development of consumers shopping patterns.Forecasts to 2018 illustrate how the market is set to spay Product coverage Designer Apparel (Ready-to-Wear), attractive Wines/Champagne and Spirits, Luxury Accessories, Luxury Cigars, Luxury Electronic Gadgets, Luxury jewelry and Timepieces, Luxury Travel Goods, Luxury Writing Instruments and Stationery, Super Premium sweetheart and Personal Care. Data coverage market sizes (historic and forecasts), company shares, brand shares and dispersion data.Why buy this report? * Get a detailed propose of the Luxury Goods market * Pinpoint growth sectors and identify factors driving change * Understand the competitive environment, the markets major players and leading brands * exercise five-year forecasts to assess how the market is predicted to develop. Table of Content Executive Summary High Net Worth Individuals Represent Growing Potential Customer can Expansion Is the Key Success for PlayersLuxury Infrastructure Still A Constraint Internet Retailing Emerges As A Sales note Luxury Goods Restricted To Major C ities of India Key Trends and Developments Rising Infrastructure and operational Costs Restrict the Growth of Luxury Outlets For more information openhearted visit http//www. marketreportsonindia. com/consumer-goods-market-research-reports-2944/luxury-goods-in-india. html About MarketReportsonIndia.Market Report on India is a portal where you can access thousands of reports on India starting from Aeronautics to zinc (A-Z). We provide you with reports which will help you gain a better agreement of the Sectors, Companies, New Products and Latest trends. sink in Us Market Reports on India Contact No India +91. 22. 27810772, 27810773 Toll Free US 1-866-279-8368 Email infomarketreportsonindia. com Website http//www. marketreportsonindia. com chitter https//twitter. com/ReportsonIandia.

“A Vindication of the Rights of Woman” Rhetorical Analysis Essay Essay

A Vindication of the Rights of Wo public is an essay by Mary Wollstonecraft, written to urge women to ascend above their traditional gender agencys in society through the utilization of education. Education is a right, non a privilege because it allows people to contribute to society and that is why Wollstonecraft stresses the size fitness of its existence in a cleaning womans life as a tool for higher purpose and social progression. Her ideologies combined with climb support behind the emerging feminist movement were relevant and so impacted the lives of whoever encountered her writings. Through this passage, Wollstonecraft utilizes antithesis, rhetorical questions, and analogies to redefine attractiveness by accenting the importance of higher intellect quite a than physical beauty.Through antithesis, Wollstonecraft is able to highlight the strong contrast between a womans role in society with and without education. While women have been stripped of the virtues that sho uld dress humanity, they have been decked with artificial graces that enable them to exercise a piffling-lived shogunate (lines 205-207). The artificial graces are symbolic of the traditional education society has compel upon women. Educating women solely on home qualification skills and how to be a alone wife essentially deprives them of their natural rights to an academic based education and kinda fills them with skills that except serve to strengthen gender roles. Wollstonecraft emphasizes the art of pleasing to only be useful to a mistress the chaste wife and serious mother should only consider her power to please as the polish of her virtues and the bosom of her husband as one of the comforts that render her talk slight difficult and her life happier (line 133-136). Education at that point in condemnation only served to prevent women from fulfilling their full potential and weakened their expenditure in society. The general public associated learning with masculin ity and consequently refused to recognize the role a rudimentary academic education would play in helping a woman excel as a wife and a mother. Through the lack of education offered to women in society, their promise was hindered and they were forced to postdate the straight and narrow paths set away by society.Wollstonecraft utilizes analogies to illustrate the impermanent existence and futility of physical beauty. Women just like the flowers planted in too rich a soil afterwards having pleased a exigent eye, fade, disregarded on the stalk (line 15-17). Although society places immense value on beauty, it does not last forever, and as a result, once female magic spell fades, so does their functionality in civilization. This lack of long lasting purpose and experience of usefulness comes from an inadequate system of education for women which only focuses on skin-deep aspects that pull up stakes only keep them feeling fulfilled for a short period of time. A woman whose sole purpose is to please will soon find that her charms are oblique sunbeams and that they cannot have much meat on her husbands heart when they are seen every mean solar day (line 113-115). Through this analogy, Wollstonecraft denotes the momentary existence of physical beauty and its diminishing launch on a man who is witness to it on a workaday basis. Constant objectification of feminine existence forced women themselves to denigrate their self worth down to their physical appearance and once again, conforming to demands set forth by their misogynistic environment. Since a womans physical appearance is temporary, their worth in a traditional and patriarchal society is also just as temporary.Rhetorical questions were employed throughout the work to emphasize the thwarting and disbelief Wollstonecraft had towards that lack of importance placed on educating women. Women were encouraged to hairgrip their tongues and swallow their emotions, forcing most of them to question why shoul d not one woman acknowledge that she can take more exercise than another (line 146-148)? correct after many years of progression and liberation in distinguishable aspects of life, the emancipation of women from the control of men was not an issue in anyones mind. Men literally controlled every aspect of a womans life during that time period and consequently forced them to turn their backs on common sense and truth in order to avoid making immodest gestures by saying what they felt. To gain the affections of a virtuous man affectation was seen as a necessity (line 162). Women accepted these kinds of degrading societal expectations because they were dependent on the men in their lives. In Wollstonecrafts eyeball it was outrageous that women did not understand that their lack of education kept them susceptible andthat society itself did not understand that educating women would only lead to improvement rather than hindrance. Wollstonecrafts outrage towards the matter was obviously justified because even after all the progress she made in the name of feminism, women around the world are still being denied an education on a effortless basis.Through the use of antithesis, analogies, and rhetorical questions, Wollstonecraft was able to encourage women to question societal constraints that limited their contribution to the communities they were a part of. A Vindication of the Rights of cleaning woman was written to highlight the prominence of gender roles and the negative impact it was having on society. Her work urged people to recognize that restricting a womans role in society by claiming that academic ventures were too manly would ultimately be detrimental and counterproductive.

Chinese Nationalism Essay Essay

A? er a long ? me of peace and success the Qing dynasty was the highest point of its power. However, as ? me passes they were harass and humiliated by western powers, quickly the Qing dynasty collapsed. But the Qing collapsed due to the marvellous remote pressures of moderniza? on that the west implemented. Extraterritoriality was a spacious contribu? ng mover to the fall of the Qing dynasty. mainland mainland China set aside (ve coastal ports for the Bri? sh to use in the southern part of the country.From the start this was a bad idea, basically China was giving them a part of their land for them to save and make funds o* of. This caused a limit on their taxes for imported goods. Essen? ally, the Bri? sh were saving and make so much money from this that their army prospered. The Bri? sh army grew because now that they had an majuscule amount of money they were able to cover the costs of war and drop down the money on their own country. But it didnt stop thither China simil arly gave the Bri? sh the island of Hong Kong. This meant that they were able to obtain even more wealth by taking advantage of the land. The ac?On that China make which allowed the Bri? sh to use a part of their country was set up to fail, vigor good could have came out of this to help China which is why external pressures were such a big factor in the fall of the Qing dynasty. mistakable to extraterritoriality, an interna? onal economy also caused a decline in the Qing dynasty. During the ? me European traders move into China, Chinas trade and industry were doing extremely in with child(p) ci? es. At this ? me, westerners obligate China to join the interna?Onal economy this was huge for Chinas economy because it would reach its utmost height plainly in the long run was not bene(cial for China at all. Imperialism started to kick the bucket a problem in China. Many of the Chinese were being used, and it caused a state of dependence on China. Also due to imperialism China was in a period of underdevelopment. This meant that because of outside countries taking advantage of China sort of of the pro(ts Chinas new economy was making going to its own country it went to foreign na? ons. Chinas industry and trade went through a ?Me of deteriora? ng, which caused the economy to go down and China as a whole to weakening. China was also being used for its land and resources, which is why Jack Petersohn History in-class testify other countries were carving up the Chinese melon. Many European and western countries wanted to have a piece of China consequently they were carving up the Chinese melon. These foreign na? ons forced China to reform to new ways and change even though they wanted to keep tradi? on. For example westerners introduced China to new means of transporta?On and technology. China may have enjoyed and used these new advances but it took them onward from their tradi? on this caused an outbreak for rebellion and revolt. Therefore triggering a decl ine in the na? on due to external pressures. The foreign in6uences on China caused the Qing dynasty to struggle in maintaining power. Westerners use China for its individual economical bene(ts period China was in a ? me of stress and were barely keeping power. lastly China declined and the Qing dynasty fell due to the external pressures.

U.S. Economy in the 19th Century

Peter Hart History 100-150 U. S. Economy in the 19th Century The Industrial renewing startle base took habitation in Britain where it spread like wild fire. Eventu eithery it make its way to the States in the late 1800s to the 19th atomic number 53 C where it would caseu every last(predicate)y change the States in every aspect. The American vicissitude began because of a single British man named Samuel Slater who brought over manufacturing technologies. The substructure of the cotton gin by Slater would soon be the set-back of the Industrial vicissitude.The Industrial regeneration brought many new ideas and inventions that made the providence boom. The northwestward would be the first to beget the Industrial Revolution darn the South stayed true to their old ways agriculture. The effects of the Industrial Revolution put a strain on both the South and the North. On top of all of this, many changes were being made in this term period much(prenominal) as transportation, manufacturing, and communications. all(prenominal) of these changes transformed the daily lives of Americans as much as it did as any other historical event that has happened in history.Because of this major event, many effects were being taken place Unions, cyphering conditions and labor itself were accounted for the changes in the 19th vitamin C. The North started out as a commercial industry where trading and selling was a heavy(p) part of American life. forwards the Industrial Revolution hit America, population made all of their goods/products in their homes. Factories werent that prominent in the North until the Industrial Revolution came by. Technological advancements were nowhere to be found because they were utilize to making everything at home by hand.The South was uttermostther stinkpot in innovations than the North itself. They were strictly agricultural and realm. In due clipping though, a man named Samuel Slater brought over new manufacturing technologies fro m Britain to the United States where it would start the Industrial Revolution. From there, many more(prenominal) inventions were created such as the steamboat by Robert Fulton which marked the beginning in technological innovations. This invention would make transportation of goods and service quicker and more effectively. Another invention during this while period was the wire. The telegraph was reated by Samuel Morse. This invention was created in 1837 which allowed America to send messages to international countries all around the world. The new inventions being created in America would lead America in a direction of prosperity and a dominant cast in intersection and at the same time agricultural ways. America would eventually emerge as the center of industry and agricultural in the late 19th century. As an effect of the Industrial revolution, population tripled, farming doubled in the amount of work due to technological inventions such as the steel grapple by John Deere.T his invention allowed farmers to plow fields faster and plow more fields without having to change the contract plow every time they uproot the ground. repayable to this invention, more workers were needful to harvest the crops when the time came. Fortunately, a certain invention was made that helped the result process go quicker and more efficiently. This invention was known as the reaper which was made in 1831 by Cyrus McCormick. Certain inventions helped working employment go a lot faster than it was before the Industrial Revolution started. The U. S.Patent Office had a record of 276 inventions during the 1790s, during the 1890s a record of 235,000 inventions were registered. At first, the South was resistant against this new generation of inventions and industrialized cities. Ultimately, the South would drib under the new ways of the North. From 1880 to 1900, the amount of cotton mills increase dramatically 161 to 400 in less than decade. As the need for workers rose, so di d the amount of cotton. The amount of cotton increased by eightfold bandage the amount of workers increased by fivefold.All of these increases resulted in the creations of new inventions. As production increased, so did the need for labor. But as labor increased, so did changes in working conditions, labor itself, and Unions were created on behalf of all of the workers. Even though all of these inventions prospered America, working conditions in the factories that were producing goods such as steel, cotton fabric, and other goods were self-aggrandizing and harmful for the workers. The life of a 19th-century American industrial worker was far from easy. Even in decent times, wages were low, hours were long, and working conditions hazardous.Little of the wealth which the egress of the nation had produced went to its workers. The situation was worse for women and children, who made up a gameer(prenominal) percentage of the work force in some industries and often sure but a fracti on of the wages a man could earn. biennial economic crises swept the nation, further eroding industrial wages and producing high levels of unemployment. At the same time, the technological improvements, which added so much to the nations productivity, continually bring down the demand for skilled labor.Yet the unskilled labor pool was constantly growing, as record numbers of immigrants, 18 million between 1880 and 1910, entered the country, looking for work. Before 1874, when Massachusetts passed the nations first commandment limiting the number of hours women and children factory workers could serve to 10 hours a day, there was literally no labor legislation that existed in the country. It was not until the 1930s that the federal government would become actively involved. Until then, it was left to the state and local authorities, few of whom were as responsive to the workers as they were to wealthy industrialists.The laissez-faire capitalism, which dominated the second half of the 19th century and fostered huge concentrations of wealth and power, was backed by a judiciary which time and again ruled against those who challenged the system. For millions, living and working conditions were poor, and the hope of escaping from a life story of poverty was slight to none. As late as 1900, the United States had the highest job-related shoemakers last rate of any industrialized nation in the world. Most industrial workers still worked a 10-hour day (12 hours in the steel industry), yet pull in from 20 to 40 percent less than the minimum deemed necessary for a decent life.The situation was only worse for children, whose numbers in the work force doubled between 1870 and 1900. On top of working in harsh conditions, workers had to face low wages and long hours that consisted of a 60 hour week load. These conditions were outrageous and then eventually led to the forming of conglutinations. The first major effort to organize workers groups on a nationwide arse appe ared with The Noble Order of the Knights of Labor in 1869. Originally a secret, ritualistic society organized by Philadelphia garment workers, it was open to all workers, including blacks, women and farmers.The Knights grew behind until they succeeded in facing down the great railroad baron, Jay Gould, in an 1885 strike. deep down a year they added 500,000 workers to their rolls. The Knights of Labor soon fell into decline, and their place in the labor movement was steadily taken by the American union of Labor (AFL). Rather than open its membership to all, the AFL, under former cigar union official Samuel Gompers, focused on skilled workers. His objectives were straight-forward and simple increase wages, slim down hours and improve working conditions.Per se, Gompers helped turn the labor movement away from the collectivist views earlier labor leaders had supported. Due to the capital not granting their goals, riots started to uprise out. A certain riot known as the Great cut Strike of 1877 was taken place because of 10 percent cut in wages. This started a line of riots that spurted throughout the country. Finally, after many riots and negotiating with the bosses at the factories, conditions in factories were better and hours were decreased and wages were increased.Child labor laws were forced upon everyone, while women were prone the chance to have equal opportunities and equal wages as men. All of these effects of the Industrial Revolution played a vital agency in forming what is now known as America today. The Industrial Revolution led America in a way that forever changed it. It was one of the most historic events to ever happen in American history. Due to new inventions and ideas, America was led into an Industrial Revolution. With the Industrial Revolution came more jobs and Unions to protect the people in the factories from harsh working conditions, long hours, and downcast wages. .